Fountain-pen



(No Model.)

A. B. HYDE.

FOUNTAIN PEN. No. 426,021. Patented Apr. 22, 1.890.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREIV BROWNv HYDE, OF POMFRET CENTRE, CONNECTICUT.

FOUNTAIN-PEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 426,021, dated April 22, 1890.

Application filed October 23, 1888. Serial No. 288,989. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ANDREW BROWN HYDE, of Poinfret Centre, county of Vindham, and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and Improved Fountain-Pen, which carries the ink in the pen-holder and delivers it automatically to the pen in writing.

`The following is a full, clear, and exact description.

In the drawings, Figure l is a top view in section of the whole instrument, showing the feeding-tube c on the convex surface of the pen l), and the protecting-cap gl Fig. 2 is a side view of the feeding-tube c, conveying the ink from the pen-holder a to the pen b, and showing the :cuts h, which make it flexible. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the feeding-tube c, showing that part which comes in contact with the convex surface of the pen b, Fig. 1, and showing the inkopening e', through which the ink escapes to the pen b, and the cuts h, which make it flexible. Fig. 4 is a sectional view in the line a: o: of Fig. l. j, Fig. 4, is the air-hole which admits the air to the penholder o. as the ink is withdrawn from it. Fig. 5 is a side view in section of the whole instrument, showing the feeding-tube c placed under the concave surface of the pen b and the air-hole j above the convex surface of the pen b. g, Fig. 5, is the protecting-cap, which fits onto shoulders a2 and a. Fig. 6 is a sectional view in the line @c oc of Fig. 5. The letters of Fig. 6 represent the saine parts as shown in Fig. 5.Y Figs. 7 and 8 are feedingtubes c, to be used on both Figs. 1 and 5; but they diifer from Fig. 3 by having the cuts 7L arranged on one side of the feeding-tube and the inlopeningfzl arranged on the other side of the feeding-tube. Fig. 7 is a side view of the feeding-tube c, showing' the cuts 7i.. Fig. 8 is a top view of the feeding-tube c, showing ink-opening e', the cuts being on the other side. Fig. 9 is the feedingtube c, the saine as Fig. Sfexcept that the inloopening 'i is smaller. Fig. 10 is the fecdingtube c, the same as Fig. 8, except that the ink-openingi is smaller.

a., Fig. l, is a top view of the penholder and reservoir containing the ink, which is held in position mainly by atmospheric pressure and which is delivered automatically to the pen in writing.

b, Fig. l, is the pen, preferably of gold, to prevent corrosion. This pen ZJ is inserted into a slot in the end of the pen-holder a, and is thus held iirmly in position.

o, Fig. l, is the feeding-tube, which conveys the ink from the` reservoir a., Fig. l, and delivers it through the ink-opening e', Fig. 3, to the pen b, Fig. l. This feeding-tube c in Fig. l is placed on the convex surface of the pen b. The reservoir and pen-holder a unscrcws at e, Fig. l, so that it may be filled with ink. The feeding-tube c, Fig. l, is held in position by being fitted into the end of the pen-holder a at d, Fig. 1,fro1n which it may be easily with drawn.

If an ordinary tube were placed on the conveX surface of the pen b, Fig. l, to deliver the ink to the pen, such a feeding-tube would be inflexible and would interfere with the vibration of the nibs of the pen in writing. Thereforea device is necessary to prevent this.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the feeding-tube c, showing a series of cuts 7L, which nearly sever the feeding-tube c. The object of these cuts h,Fig. 2,is to render the feeding-tube c, Figs. l, 2, and 3, flexible, so that when the nibs of the pen b are vibrated in writing the feedingtube c, Figs. l, 2, and 3, will readily bend upward and then immediately spring back to its former place as soon as the nibs of the pen are allowed to come together. The cuts h are not visible in Fig. l, because it is a top view.

Fig. 3 is the feeding-tube c inverted, so as to show that part of it which lies next to the convex surface of the pen Z1 in Fig. l. also shows the ink-opening' y1', through which the ink escapes in passing from the feedingtube c to the nibs of the pen ZJ.

The withdrawal of the ink in writing creates a vacuum in the reservoir a; but this vacuum is relieved by small bubbles of air, which pass into the reservoir a through the air-holej, situated in the end of the reservoir a which is nearest the pen b.

Fig. 4 is asectional viewon linexwof Fig. l,

a, Fig. 4, is the pen-holder and reservoir.

h, Fig. 4, is the pen.

c, Fig. 4, is the feeding-tube.

j, Fig. 4, is the air-liole, which maybe formed in the material of the pen-holder a.

The cap g, Fig. l, lits over the pen Z) and onto a shoulder a2 to prevent the ink on the Fig. 3

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distance from the concave surface of the pen b, and the part of the feeding-tube which comes in contact with the nibs of the pen b is close up against the nibs of the pen 1).;The end of the feeding-tube c, Fig. 5, which comes in contact with the nibs of the pen b presses constantly against the nibs. This pressing against the nibs is caused by the oblique position of the feeding-tube c, Fig. 5. Therefore, when the nibs of the pen l), Fig. 5, spring up- Ward, the feeding-tube c springs upward, and when the nibs of the pen b spring downward the said nibs press the feeding-tube c downward. Thus the feeding-tube c, Fig. 5, which is placed under the concave surface of the pen b, is made to vibrate up and, down -With the vibration of the nibs of the pen b when placed on the convex surface of the pen in Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view in line a' fr of Eig. 5.

In Fig. G a is the pen-holder and reservoir; b, the pen; c, the feeding-tube placed under the concave surface of the pen b, and j the air-hole placed over the convex surface of the pen Z). This air-holej, Fig. 6, may be formed in the material of the pen-holder a. It is evident that When the nibs of the pen b, Fig. 1, are pressed upward in Writing, that part of the cuts h, Fig. 2, which lie next to the pen b are sprung a little further apart, and when the nibs of the pen ZJ descend the cuts h, Fig.. 2, assume their ordinary shape, as shown in the drawings.

In Figs. 7 and S the ink-opening t' is arranged on one side of the feeding-tube ci, and the cuts are on the other side. Of course in Figs. 7 and 8 the ink-opening is next to the pen b, Figs. 1 and 5. I/Vhen the feedingtube c, Figs. 7 and 8, is sprung by the nibs of the pen h, Figs. 1 and 5, the cuts 7L, Fig. 'if'. are pressed nearer together. The cuts h, if arranged asin Figs. 7 and 8, should be Wider than if arranged as :in Fig. 8, because if not "Wider, in springing the feeding-tube the cuts would come together and might impair flexibility.

Itis evident that the feeding-tube c may be made of several different shapes--such as pen b, Fig. 5, and the feeding-tube c, to prevent it from approximating too near the nibs of the pen b. This piece of Wood, or other suitable material, will not prevent the feeding-tube c from springing up and down with the vibration of the nibs of the pen l).

The cuts It of the various figures might be used to allow the inl; to escape from the feed.- ing-tube t'o the nibs of the pen and the inkopening i dispensed with entirely. In fact, some of the ink does escape through these cuts lt.

The ink-opening z' may be of various sizessuch as long or short, Wide or narroW-Without materially departing from the invention, and I do not Wish. to be limited to any one of these particular dimensions.

Fig. 9 is the same as Fig. 3, except that the ink-opening t' is shorter.

Fig. 10 is the saine as Fig. S, except that the ink-opening t is shorter.

I ain aware that feeding-tubes for fountainpens have been known before my invention, one having been patented by George F. Hawkes, October 17, 1865, No. 50,1170. In this invention there ,is employed a rigid feedingtube, which is great-ly enlarged Where it conies in contact with the concave surface of the pen. This tube is shoved toward the reservoir to shut off the supply of ink, and is pulled toward the nibs of the pen to turn on the supply of ink. I am also aware that a patent was granted to John Blair, October 20, 1885, No. 328,454, in which a stiff feeding-tube placedon the concave surface of the pen is inade to spring by being set in a liexible rubber socket.

I am also aware that a patent was granted to F. C. Brown, July 13, 1886, No. 345,411, in which a bar is used to convey the ink from the reservoir to the pen. This bar is furnished with longitudinal grooves on both its upper and under surfaces. The groove on theunder surface assists in conducting the ink from the reservoir. The groove on the upper surface assists in conducting the ink from the nibs of the pen to the reservoir When the instrument is held With the pen uppermost in con- IOO IZO

sequence of too much ink being on the pen. On the end of this bar nearest the point of the pen is a number of transverse grooves called retarding-ducts, which prevent the ink from flowing too freely. It is evident that this bar must be made considerably thicker in order to accommodate these longitudinal grooves. This making of the feedbar thicker on account of the grooves cannot, therefore, render the feed-bar flexible in the manner that my cuts 7L make my feeding-tube c flexible; but, on the contrary, the thickening of Browns feed-bar to accommodate the longitudinal grooves makes his feedbar much more rigid than it would be if such grooves should be entirely omitted.

I do not claim such constructions as those of Hawkes, Blair, and Brown.

7L, and a longitudinal ink-opening fr', substan- 3o tially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

ANDREW BROWN HYDE. Witnesses:

JOHN ANTHONY CARPENTER, JOHN HORACE GARDNER.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 426,021, granted April 22, 1890, upon the application of Andrew Brown Hyde, of' Pomfret Centre, Connecticut, for an iniprovement in FountainPens, en error appears inthe printed specication requiring the following correction, Viz: On page 2, in line 36, the Words as it mbmted. should be inserted before the Word when, and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

` Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 6th day of May, A.. D. 1890.

r [SEAL] oYRUs BUssEY,

Assistant Secretary of the Interior. i Countersigned:

C. E. MITCHELL,

Cowmz'ssoner of Patents.

Correction n Leiters Patent No. 426,021i

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